
The walls and the four gates
The walls you see today were rebuilt in 1452 by Giovanni I Del Carretto, after the Genoese had destroyed them in the war of 1447–1450. Several semicircular towers survive along the circuit; the most impressive is on the south side. There are four main gates.
- Porta Testa: dated 1452 by an inscription in Gothic letters, and also called Porta San Giorgio. Its better-known name recalls the heads of executed criminals once displayed here. The clock tower stands above it.
- Porta Reale: built in 1702, with a large Del Carretto coat of arms beside it. It replaced the medieval entrance in the Spanish period; the painted architecture with the Savoy crest dates from the 19th century.
- Porta Romana, also called Porta del Mulino, on the north side.
- Porta Mezzaluna: the highest gate, at the foot of the hill. The Strada Beretta to the castles starts here.



















